Histopatologi Dugaan Superinfeksi Virus Avian Encephalomyelitis dan Newcastle Disease pada Broiler
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Broiler merupakan jenis ayam ras yang banyak dikembangkan di Indonesia. Broiler menunjang pemenuhan kebutuhan protein hewani. Beberapa jenis penyakit dengan morbiditas dan morbiditas tinggi pada broiler adalah Avian encephalomyelitis (AE) dan Newcastle disease (ND). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengobservasi perubahan histopatologi ayam broiler dengan dugaan kejadian superinfeksi akibat AE dan ND. Penelitian ini menggunakan 14 ekor sampel ayam hidup dengan gejala kinky back dan kelumpuhan. Sampel diambil dari salah satu peternakan ayam broiler di Sidoarjo dengan populasi 5000 ekor yang mengalami kematian 300 ekor per hari. Ayam dinekropsi dan diambil organ hati, otak, sumsum tulang, dan paru. Organ difiksasi dan diproses untuk histopatologi dengan pengecatan hematoksilin dan eosin (H&E). Pemeriksaan dilakukan dengan mikroskop cahay dan dianalisa secara deskriptif. Hasil pemeriksaan menunjukkan bahwa perubahan histopatologi yang ditemukan adalah nekrosis multifocal hepatitis, non-supuratif perivascular cuffing dan osteomyelitis. Sebanyak 3/14 ekor ayam mengalami multifocal hepatitis, 4/14 ekor mengalami non-supuratif perivascular cuffing dan osteomyelitis, sedangkan 7/14 ekor ayam menunjukkan semua perubahan yang dilaporkan. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa dalam kasus ini diduga terjadi kejadian superinfeksi yang disebabkan oleh AE dan ND. Perlu dilakukan pemeriksaan virologi yang menunjang hasil pemeriksaan histopatologi agar diperoleh diagnosis yang lebih tepat.
Kata kunci : AE, broiler, histopatologi, ND, superinfeksi
ABSTRACT
Broiler is the one of commodity in Indonesia. Broiler support the fulfilment of protein among citizens. Several diseases with high morbidity and mortality are Avian Encephalomyelitis (AE) and Newcastle disease (ND). This study aimed to observe the histopathological changing from boiler that suspected suffer from super infection with AE and ND. As much as 14 broiler chickens were used as the sample. The samples were collected from the poultry farm with 5000 population and mortality 300 broiler per day. The chickens were necropsied and the liver, brain, marrow, and lung was collected. The organ was processed for histopathology using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. The result showed several histopathological changing including multifocal necrosis hepatitis, non-suppurative perivascular cuffing, and osteomyelitis. As much as 3/14 chickens suffered from multifocal necrosis hepatitis, 4/14 chickens suffered from non-suppurative perivascular cuffing, and osteomyelitis, and 7/14 suffered from all the histopathological changing. It can be concluded that this case is being suspected caused by superinfection phenomenon with AE and ND as the main agents. The virological tests should be conducted to provide an accurate result and diagnosis.
Keyword: AE, broiler, histopathology, ND, superinfection.
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