Pengaruh Transportasi Darat Terhadap Respon Fisiologis Ternak Serta Kualitas Karkas yang Dihasilkan

Mona Rucita Larasati Anwar

Abstract


ABSTRAK
Transportasi memiliki peranan penting dan perlu mendapatkan perhatian yang besar karena merupakan salah satu faktor utama dalam tataniaga ternak. Aspek-aspek yang perlu diperhatikan dalam proses transportasi antara lain jarak tempuh (lama perjalanan), kepadatan muatan dalam angkutan, cara transportasi, serta suhu dan kelembaban. Proses transportasi yang tidak baik atau memadai akan berdampak negatif pada ternak. Proses pengangkutan ternak dapat menyebabkan stres, sehingga berpengaruh pada kondisi fisiologis yang ditunjukkan oleh adanya perubahan frekuensi nafas, denyut nadi dan suhu tubuh. Semakin besar perubahan atau gangguan fisiologis tersebut maka ternak memerlukan waktu pemulihan yang semakin lama. Stres akibat transportasi dapat merugikan peternak, karena hal ini juga berpengaruh terhadap kualitas karkas yang dihasilkan. Persediaan glikogen dalam otot akan berkurang sehingga dapat mempengaruhi perkembangan kekakuan otot (rigor mortis) dan mempengaruhi tingkat keasaman atau pH daging setelah ternak dipotong. PH daging akan semakin meningkat dan dapat menyebabkan warna daging menjadi semakin gelap. Pada akhirnya hal ini akan dapat menurunkan selera konsumen. Selain itu, juga akan menyebabkan penyusutan bobot karkas, semakin lama transportasi, maka akan semakin besar persentase penyusutan bobot badan ternak. Maka dari itu, perlu dilakukan suatu penelitian mengenai seberapa besar pengaruh dari transportasi darat terhadap respon fisiologis ternak dan karkas yang dihasilkan, ssetelah mengetahui seberapa besar efeknya, maka perlu dilakukan suatu upaya untuk memperbaiki manajemen alat angkut selama proses transportasi berlangsung ataupun melakukan manajemen pemulihan untuk ternak-ternak pasca transportasi karena semakin besar perubahan atau gangguan fisiologis tersebut maka ternak memerlukan waktu pemulihan yang semakin lama.


Kata kunci : Transportasi, fisiologis ternak, kualitas karkas.

 

ABSTRACT
Transportation had an important role and needed to get great attention because it was one of the main factors in the livestock trade system. Aspects that needed to be considered in the transportation process included mileage (long journey), cargo density in transportation, transportation methods, as well as temperature and humidity. The transportation process that was not good or adequate would have a negative impact on livestock. The process of transporting livestock could cause stress, so that it affected the physiological conditions indicated by changes in breath frequency, pulse and body temperature. The greater the physiological changes or disturbances, the longer recovery time requires. Stress due to transportation could be detrimental to farmers, because this also affected the quality of the carcass. The stock of glycogen in the muscles would decrease so that it could affect the development of muscle stiffness (rigor mortis) and affected the acidity or pH of the meat after the cattle were slaughtered. The pH of the meat would increase and could cause the color of the meat to become darker. In the end this would be able to reduce consumer tastes. In addition, it would also cause a reduction in carcass weight, the longer the transportation, the greater the percentage of body weight loss. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a study on how much transportation affected the physiological response of livestock and carcasses produced, after knowing how big the effect was, it was necessary to make an effort to improve the management of transportation equipment during the transportation process or carry out recovery management for post-transportation livestock because the greater the physiological changes or disturbances, the longer the recovery time would be required.

Keywords : Transportation, livestock physiology, carcass quality.


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References


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